The 2023/24 Premier League season highlighted the rising scrutiny on club’s financial obligations which could be deterring clubs overspending this window.

There appears to be no let-up in 2024/25, with Leicester City facing a potential points deduction on their return to the EPL, as punishment for breaches in their previous tenure. This arguably led to a quiet 2024 January transfer window and a change in focus at the start of the 2024/25 summer window.

Previously referred to as ‘Financial Fair Play’, the EPL profit and sustainability rules (PSR) are a set of regulations which intend to promote financial responsibility and ensure the long-term sustainability of clubs.

The rules dictate that clubs cannot incur losses in excess of £15m on a rolling basis, across three football seasons. These losses can be increased to £105m where the club owners can guarantee funding to cover the £90m shortfall, which generally requires owners to inject share-based equity into their club.